April is PMDD Awareness Month, an opportunity to deepen our comprehension of this often-misunderstood condition and extend support to those navigating its challenges. While Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) affects a significant portion of menstruating individuals, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) takes PMS to a whole new level, affecting approximately 5% of women.
What is PMDD?
PMDD is a complex condition that manifests as severe PMS, impacting both physical and emotional wellbeing. PMDD is not just a case of the occasional mood swing or bloating; it can be debilitating, disrupting daily life, relationships, work, and friendships. The symptoms can be intense, both physically and emotionally, and can make even the simplest tasks feel overwhelming.
What sets PMDD apart from PMS is its severity and duration. While PMS symptoms typically dissipate with the start of menstruation, PMDD symptoms can persist throughout the entire luteal phase, which spans up to 14 days.
What Causes PMDD?
Although the exact triggers remain under exploration, hormonal fluctuations and changes in neurotransmitter levels are believed to be influential factors. These variations can disrupt mood regulation, exacerbating the symptoms associated with PMDD. Stress is also known to exacerbate PMDD symptoms, further complicating the picture.
Understanding PMDD Symptoms
Diagnosing PMDD isn't straightforward, as there isn't a specific test for it. Doctors typically rely on a comprehensive assessment of symptoms and their impact on daily life. To receive a PMDD diagnosis, a patient must experience at least five of the listed symptoms:
- Intense mood swings, such as irritability, anger, or sadness.
- Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness.
- Anxiety or tension.
- Difficulty concentrating.
- Fatigue or lack of energy.
- Changes in appetite or food cravings.
- Physical symptoms like bloating, breast tenderness, or joint pain.
- Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or excessive sleepiness.
- A sense of being overwhelmed or out of control.
These symptoms can be debilitating and significantly impact daily life, relationships, and work or school performance. Seeking support from healthcare professionals is essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans.
Living with PMDD
Managing PMDD requires a multifaceted approach, and holistic support options can be incredibly beneficial. Encouraging healthy progesterone levels through confirmed ovulation, focusing on nutrient-dense foods, and incorporating adaptogens into daily routines are just a few strategies to consider.
In addition to medical treatment, there are several ways to manage PMDD symptoms and improve overall wellbeing:
- Tracking Symptoms: Keeping a journal of symptoms throughout the menstrual cycle can help identify patterns and triggers, making it easier to manage symptoms effectively.
- Practicing Self-Care: Engage in activities that promote relaxation and stress relief, such as yoga, meditation, or spending time outdoors.
- Seeking Support: Connect with friends, family, or support groups who understand and can offer empathy and encouragement during difficult times.
- Exploring Treatment Options: Depending on the severity of symptoms, treatment may include medications, therapy, or lifestyle changes. It's essential to work closely with healthcare professionals to find the best approach for individual needs.
Navigating PMDD can be challenging, but with the right support and resources, individuals can find relief and regain control over their lives. PMDD Awareness Month serves as a reminder to prioritise understanding, empathy, and advocacy for those living with PMDD. Together, we can create a more supportive and compassionate environment for all individuals affected by this condition.